Today’s devotion comes from Genesis 4:9-15.
“Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is Abel your brother?” And he said, “I do not know. Am I my brother’s keeper?” He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to Me from the ground. Now you are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. When you cultivate the ground, it will no longer yield its strength to you; you will be a vagrant and a wanderer on the earth.” Cain said to the Lord, “My punishment is too great to bear! Behold, You have driven me this day from the face of the ground; and from Your face I will be hidden, and I will be a vagrant and a wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.” So the Lord said to him, “Therefore whoever kills Cain, vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold.” And the Lord appointed a sign for Cain, so that no one finding him would slay him.” Genesis 4:9-15.
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Today’s Scripture makes us wonder why the LORD did not punish Cain by death for killing Abel. After all, it is clear the death penalty was just for certain killings. See, for example, Numbers 35:15-24 which carries descriptions and distinctions of killings that are punishable by death from killings which are not punishable by death.
Did the LORD spare Cain, because Cain cried out for mercy?
Or, did the LORD spare Cain, because Cain’s killing did not contain sufficient intention, sufficient hatred, or sufficient enmity such that justice required that Cain be punished by death?
I don’t think the LORD spared Cain, because Cain cried out for mercy, because the LORD said to Cain: “The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to Me from the ground.” The LORD would not have been swayed by ungodly Cain’s plea over righteous Abel’s plea.
I think the LORD spared Cain, because Cain’s killing did not contain sufficient intention, sufficient hatred, or sufficient enmity such that justice required that Cain be punished by death.
Regarding whether Cain had intention, sufficient hatred, or sufficient enmity, Genesis 4:8 does not gives us many details: “Cain told Abel his brother. And it came about when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother and killed him.”
We do know that Cain was angry that the LORD had no regard for his offering: “but for Cain and for his offering He had no regard. So Cain became very angry and his countenance fell.” Genesis 4:5. But, Scripture does not tell us that this was an anger toward Abel. Moreover, we do know that Cain told Abel what the LORD had told him. If Cain was angry at Abel, why would Cain tell Abel what the LORD told him?
We do know that because of Cain’s countenance, sin was crouching at the door. But, it was not necessarily a sin of murder punishable by death crouching at the door. “If you do well, will not your countenance be lifted up? And if you do not do well, sin is crouching at the door; and its desire is for you, but you must master it.” Genesis 4:7.
We do have the description of the killing in 1 John 3:11-12: “For this is the message which you have heard from the beginning, that we should love one another; not as Cain, who was of the evil one and slew his brother. And for what reason did he slay him? Because his deeds were evil, and his brother’s were righteous.” Certainly, Cain’s deeds were evil, lacking in love, but there are many evil deeds that do not reach the level of being worthy of the death penalty.
We also do have the description of the killing in Jude 1:10-13: “But these men revile the things which they do not understand; and the things which they know by instinct, like unreasoning animals, by these things they are destroyed. Woe to them! For they have gone the way of Cain, and for pay they have rushed headlong into the error of Balaam, and perished in the rebellion of Korah. These are the men who are hidden reefs in your love feasts when they feast with you without fear, caring for themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn trees without fruit, doubly dead, uprooted; wild waves of the sea, casting up their own shame like foam; wandering stars, for whom the black darkness has been reserved forever.” Jude 1:10-13. From this description, it seems as if Cain’s killing was more “unreasoning”, “without fear, caring for themselves”, than it was a killing with sufficient intention, sufficient hatred, or sufficient enmity toward Abel.
Finally, when the Lord said to Cain, “Where is Abel your brother?” Cain said, “I do not know. Am I my brother’s keeper?” Cain’s answer seems more reckless, more “unreasoning”, “without fear, caring for themselves”, than it does indicating sufficient intention, sufficient hatred, or sufficient enmity toward Abel that deserved the death penalty.
The point of this analysis is that the LORD showed early in the history of man that He is a just and righteous God. Many of us rush into judgment against Cain, or rush into love with Abel, such that we have less concern for justice. But, God showed himself in today’s Scripture to be a perfectly just and righteous God.
“For I proclaim the name of the Lord;
Ascribe greatness to our God!
“The Rock! His work is perfect,
For all His ways are just;
A God of faithfulness and without injustice,
Righteous and upright is He.” Deuteronomy 32:3-4.